Airline Operator Financial Model
Airline Operator Financial Model presents the case of a company operating an airline business. The model generates the three financial statements, a summary page, a valuation as well as graphs. The financing options for the project include a standard long term loan, as well as an overdraft facility and of course equity funding from investors.
So a quick overview of the model, in the contents tab you can see the structure of the model and by clicking on any of the headlines to be redirected to the relevant worksheet.
On the manual tab you are able to feed the general information for the model such as: project name & title, responsible, timeline of the model and date and currency conventions.
Additionally there is a description of the color coding of the model in the same tab. Inputs are always depicted with a yellow fill and blue letters, call up (that is direct links from other cells) are filled in light blue with blue letters while calculations are depicted with white fill and black characters.
There is also a color coding for the various tabs of the model. Yellow tabs are mostly assumptions tabs, grey tabs are calculations tabs, blue tabs are outputs tabs (that is effectively results or graphs) and finally light blue tabs are admin tabs (for example: the cover page, contents and checks).
Moving on to the Inputs: the assumptions are split into two tabs: the historical financial statements, and the general forecast inputs of the business. In the historical profit & loss tab, the user needs to adjust the financial statements to match with the historical ones. Only the yellow cells need to be filled and the balance sheet is balanced through the retained earnings.
In the inputs tab, the user needs to adjust the drivers of the business in the yellow cells. The drivers consist of the passenger yield per kilometer, the capacity factor and the available seat kilometers which drive the airline revenues. Operating costs are split into fuel and non fuel operating expenses. Other drivers include receivables days, payable days, inventory days and income tax. Additional assumptions include: depreciation period in years (for both existing and new assets). interest on cash and loans (term loan, overdraft), cost of equity, and debt gearing. The term loan is repaid based on a percentage capital repayment over the years as per the user input.
Calculations: this is were all calculations are performed. The revenues are calculated based on the previous inputs and the growth rates and deducting the operating costs the operating profit is resulting. Based on the assets financed and the gearing of the financing the interest and depreciation are occurring. By using the working capital assumptions the impact of the business cycle is presented. Finally depending on the existing debt financing and forecast assumptions the loan balances are calculated (Term loan, overdraft).
In the Outputs tab: everything is aggregated here into the relevant statements: profit and loss, balance sheet and cash flow on a yearly basis.
In the summary tab you are able to see a high level report with the main financial & business ratios. It can be readily printed on one page for your convenience.
Moving to the Valuation tab, a free cash flow to the firm valuation is performed. Additionally the debt service coverage ratio, and loan life coverage ratio are calculated.
In the Charts tab: Various graphs present the revenues and operating expenses, profitability margins and bank ratios, various financials from the income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, valuation as well as discount rates.
Checks: A dedicated worksheet that makes sure that everything is working as it should!
Important Notice: Yellow indicates inputs and assumptions that the user is able to change, blue cells are used for called up cells, and white cells with black characters indicates calculation cells.
