Big4WallStreet Finance Blog — finance

Humans are inherently social creatures, and the need to belong to a community has been an essential part of our existence since the dawn of time. Communities, whether physical or virtual, serve as spaces for people to connect, collaborate, and support one another. Over the centuries, these communities have evolved significantly—from tight-knit ancient societies to sprawling online networks that connect people across the globe. This article explores the history of communities, their transformation through time, and the pivotal role online communities now play in bridging geographical and cultural divides. Ancient Communities: The Foundation of Human Connection The earliest human communities...

Network businesses are transforming industries across the globe, leveraging interconnected systems and platforms to provide value. By using a decentralized structure, these businesses connect users, services, and infrastructure, often creating exponential growth opportunities. From electric vehicle (EV) charging networks to parcel lockers and micro-mobility services, network businesses are reshaping the way modern economies function. This article delves into the fundamentals of network businesses and explores how different financial models help assess and manage these ventures effectively.

What are Network Businesses?

1.           Intro to Management Accounting a.    Definition  “Management accounting is a system which analyses historical, actual and forecast data to provide managers the information for decision making.”    b.   The management accounting department The department provides management information for:  Planning: budget for the year, budget updates during the year, long term plan beyond the year.  Controlling: how do the revenues and costs compare with the budgeted ones and those of the previous periods. What are the variances? What are the reasons for the variances?  Decision Making: profitability assessment, buildup of selling prices, product costs comparisons (inventory, manufacturing, labor etc..), make...